As such, PTSD is associated with endocrine, immune, and neurobiological abnormalities. Individuals with PTSD remain in a perpetual state of hyperarousal and fear. In addition, sexual assault has been shown to increase risk for PTSD and the prevalence of sexual assault in the military exceeds that of the civilian population. Some specific military experiences, such as combat and other deployment-related stressors, are associated with increased risk for PTSD. Compared to the general population, military personnel are often exposed to dangerous situations and traumatic events, and therefore are at higher risk for mental disorders. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that can result from experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, such as a serious accident or violent assault. Future research is needed to understand potential mechanisms which may inform future mitigative strategies in reducing extra-neuropsychiatric health problems among those with PTSD. ConclusionsĪctive duty military personnel with PTSD may have an elevated risk of a range of autoimmune diseases, regardless of combat experience or prior trauma. Further adjustment for BMI, smoking status, and alcohol use had little impact on the effect estimates, and results were not appreciably different according to combat experience and history of physical or sexual trauma. ResultsĪmong 120,572 participants followed for a mean of 5.2 years, risk of any of the selected autoimmune diseases was 58% higher for those with a history of PTSD (HR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.25, 2.01) compared with no history of PTSD. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for demographics and history of another mental health condition. Participants were classified as having a history of PTSD if they self-reported receiving a health care provider’s diagnosis of PTSD or if they screened positive using the PTSD Checklist−Civilian Version. Using data from the Millennium Cohort Study, incident autoimmune cases between study initiation and September 2015 were identified from medical encounter records in the Military Health System Data Repository (MDR). rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel diseases, and multiple sclerosis) among US active duty service members. This study investigated the association between PTSD and risk of selected autoimmune diseases (i.e.
Stress disorders may lead to impairment of the immune system and subsequent autoimmune disease. Increasing evidence suggests a link between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and physical health.
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